# LaTeX Math Reference Look up any LaTeX math command, environment, or symbol: what it renders, which package defines it, and whether MathJax, KaTeX, and XeTeX support it. https://texform.dev/latex This section is a reference to the LaTeX that TeXForm understands: every command and environment it can parse, which package each belongs to, the argument structure it expects, and how it renders across MathJax, KaTeX, and XeTeX. You can use it without using TeXForm at all — it answers "what arguments does `\frac` take?" or "does KaTeX support `\dv`?" on its own. ## Browse by topic [#browse-by-topic] Topics group every entry by what it does — arrows, accents, matrices, physics derivatives — whichever package defines it. Each topic page lists its entries in one table with their packages, renderer support, and corpus frequency. **Symbols** - [Greek letters](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/greek): 54 symbols - [Letter-like symbols](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/letter-like): 61 symbols - [Binary operators](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/binary-operators): 75 symbols, 1 command - [Relations](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/relations): 103 symbols - [Negated relations](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/negated-relations): 58 symbols, 1 command - [Arrows](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/arrows): 64 symbols, 5 commands - [Big operators](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/big-operators): 18 symbols - [Delimiters](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/delimiters): 41 symbols, 27 commands - [Blackboard bold (bboldx)](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/blackboard-bold): 168 symbols - [Miscellaneous symbols](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/miscellaneous): 24 symbols, 7 commands **Structure** - [Fractions and roots](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/fractions-roots): 21 commands - [Accents](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/accents): 45 commands - [Functions and operators](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/functions): 74 commands - [Large operators](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/operators-limits): 5 commands - [Matrices](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/matrices): 10 environments, 8 commands - [Alignment](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/alignment): 25 environments - [Labels and tags](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/cross-refs): 6 commands **Type and space** - [Fonts and styles](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/fonts-styles): 80 commands - [Boxes and text](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/boxes-text): 21 commands - [Spacing](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/spacing): 32 commands - [Layout and breaks](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/layout): 24 commands **physics package** - [Physics: quantities](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-quantities): 28 commands - [Physics: vectors](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-vectors): 10 commands - [Physics: derivatives](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-derivatives): 14 commands - [Physics: bra-ket](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-braket): 22 commands - [Physics: matrices](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-matrices): 27 commands - [Physics: functions](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-functions): 17 commands - [Physics: annotations](https://texform.dev/latex/topics/physics-annotations): 24 commands ## Common commands [#common-commands] The commands that appear in the most corpus formulas, with the share of formulas that use each. The [command index](https://texform.dev/latex/commands) lists every command with filters for topic, package, and renderer support. - [`\frac`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/frac): 38.65% - [`\\`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/-5c-): 24.30% - [`\,`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/-2c-): 13.92% - [`\mathcal`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathcal): 13.36% - [`\mathbb`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathbb): 10.31% - [`\text`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/text): 8.70% - [`\mathrm`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathrm): 7.51% - [`\sqrt`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/sqrt): 6.99% - [`\rm`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/rm): 6.31% - [`\mathbf`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathbf): 6.24% - [`\ `](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/-20-): 5.97% - [`\tilde`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/tilde): 4.74% - [`\hat`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/hat): 4.65% - [`\|`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/-7c-): 4.60% - [`\bar`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/bar): 3.98% - [`\;`](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/-3b-): 3.97% ## Renderer coverage [#renderer-coverage] Each command and environment is rendered against three real engines from generated test cases. Symbols are single characters and are not render-tested. KaTeX's gaps are concentrated in the `physics` and `bboldx` packages, which it does not implement; [renderer support](https://texform.dev/latex/renderers) breaks the counts down by package and lists the most frequent gaps. - MathJax (reference renderer): 622 full, 2 partial, 6 none - KaTeX (compatibility target): 317 full, 13 partial, 300 none - XeTeX (compatibility target): 485 full, 18 partial, 127 none ## Catalog [#catalog] The same catalog at four granularities. Start from a package to browse by source, or from the command, environment, and symbol indexes to search and filter across all packages. - [Packages](https://texform.dev/latex/packages) — Browse every command and environment grouped by the package it comes from. - [Commands](https://texform.dev/latex/commands) — Search and filter every command, with a renderer support column on each row. - [Environments](https://texform.dev/latex/environments) — Search and filter every environment, with the same renderer support column. - [Symbols](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols) — Greek letters, operators, arrows, and other math characters with Unicode names. ## How the reference is built [#how-the-reference-is-built] Coverage is defined by the knowledge base, not by hand-maintained lists. TeXForm parses against machine-readable argument specifications for the commands and environments in the supported packages — `base`, `ams`, `physics`, `braket`, `bboldx`, `boldsymbol`, and `textmacros`. Every entry in this reference is generated from those same specifications, so what you read here is exactly what the parser uses. An entry's argument structure is written as an xparse-style argspec such as `m m` or `o m`; see [reading argspecs](https://texform.dev/docs/argspec) for the notation. The data is checked by rendering, not by transcription. Each argument specification is turned into representative test cases and rendered against three real engines; an entry's renderer support reflects what those engines actually accepted. How entries are built and verified is described in [the knowledge base](https://texform.dev/docs/knowledge-base).