# Delimiters

Fences, sizing commands, and stretchy bars.

https://texform.dev/latex/topics/delimiters

This topic has 41 symbols and 27 commands from the base and ams packages. Commands show whether MathJax, KaTeX, and XeTeX render them. Symbols are single characters and are not render-tested, so they carry no support level. Entries are ordered by how often they appear in corpus formulas.

Packages: base (60), ams (8).

| Name | Kind | Definition | Packages | MathJax | KaTeX | XeTeX | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [\\\|](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/-7c-) | symbol | ‖ U+2016 double vertical line | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 4.60% |
| [\\rangle](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rangle) | symbol | ⟩ U+27E9 mathematical right angle bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 4.21% |
| [\\langle](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/langle) | symbol | ⟨ U+27E8 mathematical left angle bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 3.78% |
| [\\big](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/big) | command | Manual fixed-size delimiter used as an ordinary math symbol when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 3.22% |
| [\\Big](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Big) | command | Manual fixed-size delimiter used as an ordinary math symbol when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 2.69% |
| [\\bigg](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/bigg) | command | Manual larger fixed-size delimiter used as an ordinary math symbol when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 1.23% |
| [\\bigl](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/bigl) | command | Manual fixed-size opening delimiter paired with explicit closing commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.99% |
| [\\bigr](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/bigr) | command | Manual fixed-size closing delimiter paired with explicit opening commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.98% |
| [\\vert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/vert) | symbol | \| U+007C vertical line | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.74% |
| [\\mathop](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathop) | command | Used to declare a mathematical operator, enabling operator spacing and limits. | base | full | full | full | 0.62% |
| [\\Bigl](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Bigl) | command | Manual fixed-size opening delimiter paired with explicit closing commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.54% |
| [\\Bigr](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Bigr) | command | Manual fixed-size closing delimiter paired with explicit opening commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.54% |
| [\\biggl](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/biggl) | command | Manual larger opening delimiter paired with explicit closing commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.47% |
| [\\biggr](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/biggr) | command | Manual larger closing delimiter paired with explicit opening commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.46% |
| [\\Vert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/Vert) | symbol | ‖ U+2016 double vertical line | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.46% |
| [\\Bigg](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Bigg) | command | Manual extra-large fixed-size delimiter used as an ordinary math symbol when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.41% |
| [\\downarrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/downarrow) | symbol | ↓ U+2193 downwards arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.32% |
| [\\backslash](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/backslash) | symbol | \ U+005C reverse solidus | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.28% |
| [\\uparrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/uparrow) | symbol | ↑ U+2191 upwards arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.28% |
| [\\lfloor](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lfloor) | symbol | ⌊ U+230A left floor | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.23% |
| [\\rfloor](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rfloor) | symbol | ⌋ U+230B right floor | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.23% |
| [\\lvert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lvert) | symbol | \| U+007C vertical line | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.21% |
| [\\rvert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rvert) | symbol | \| U+007C vertical line | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.20% |
| [\\lVert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lVert) | symbol | ‖ U+2016 double vertical line | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.19% |
| [\\rVert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rVert) | symbol | ‖ U+2016 double vertical line | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.19% |
| [\\Biggl](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Biggl) | command | Manual extra-large opening delimiter paired with explicit closing commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.13% |
| [\\Biggr](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Biggr) | command | Manual extra-large closing delimiter paired with explicit opening commands when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.13% |
| [\\rceil](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rceil) | symbol | ⌉ U+2309 right ceiling | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.09% |
| [\\lceil](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lceil) | symbol | ⌈ U+2308 left ceiling | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.09% |
| [\\lbrace](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lbrace) | symbol | { U+007B left curly bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.09% |
| [\\rbrace](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rbrace) | symbol | } U+007D right curly bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.09% |
| [\\lbrack](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lbrack) | symbol | [ U+005B left square bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.07% |
| [\\middle](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/middle) | command | Used inside a \left...\right pair to insert an automatically sized internal separator, such as in set-builder notation or bra-ket style expressions. | base | full | full | full | 0.07% |
| [\\mathrel](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathrel) | command | Used to assign the relation math class to a symbol, treating it like an equals sign for spacing. | base | full | full | full | 0.06% |
| [\\mathbin](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathbin) | command | Used to assign the binary operator math class to a symbol for correct spacing. | base | full | full | full | 0.03% |
| [\\mathord](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathord) | command | Used to assign the ordinary math class to an expression, affecting horizontal spacing. | base | full | full | full | 0.03% |
| [\\rbrack](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rbrack) | symbol | ] U+005D right square bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.02% |
| [\\llbracket](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/llbracket) | symbol | ⟦ U+27E6 mathematical left white square bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.02% |
| [\\lrcorner](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lrcorner) | symbol | ⌟ U+231F bottom right corner | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.02% |
| [\\rrbracket](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rrbracket) | symbol | ⟧ U+27E7 mathematical right white square bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0.02% |
| [\\mathinner](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathinner) | command | Used to assign the inner math class, typical for fractions and certain delimited expressions. | base | full | full | full | 0.01% |
| [\\bigm](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/bigm) | command | Manual fixed-size middle or relation-style delimiter, especially for bars in conditional expressions or set-builder notation, when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | 0.01% |
| [\\arrowvert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/arrowvert) | symbol | ⏐ U+23D0 vertical line extension | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Bigm](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Bigm) | command | Manual fixed-size middle or relation-style delimiter, especially for bars in conditional expressions or set-builder notation, when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | <0.01% |
| [\\llcorner](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/llcorner) | symbol | ⌞ U+231E bottom left corner | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Downarrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/Downarrow) | symbol | ⇓ U+21D3 downwards double arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Uparrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/Uparrow) | symbol | ⇑ U+21D1 upwards double arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Arrowvert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/Arrowvert) | symbol | ‖ U+2016 double vertical line | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\biggm](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/biggm) | command | Manual larger middle or relation-style delimiter, especially for bars in conditional expressions or set-builder notation, when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | <0.01% |
| [\\urcorner](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/urcorner) | symbol | ⌝ U+231D top right corner | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\ulcorner](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/ulcorner) | symbol | ⌜ U+231C top left corner | ams | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\updownarrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/updownarrow) | symbol | ↕ U+2195 up down arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Updownarrow](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/Updownarrow) | symbol | ⇕ U+21D5 up down double arrow | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\Biggm](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/Biggm) | command | Manual extra-large middle or relation-style delimiter, especially for bars in conditional expressions or set-builder notation, when automatic \left...\right sizing is undesirable. | base | full | full | full | <0.01% |
| [\\mathpunct](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathpunct) | command | Used to assign the punctuation math class, formatting it like a comma or semicolon. | base | full | full | full | <0.01% |
| [\\lgroup](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lgroup) | symbol | ⟮ U+27EE mathematical left flattened parenthesis | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\rgroup](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rgroup) | symbol | ⟯ U+27EF mathematical right flattened parenthesis | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | <0.01% |
| [\\bracevert](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/bracevert) | symbol | ⎪ U+23AA curly bracket extension | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | 0% |
| [\\{](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/-7b-) | symbol | { U+007B left curly bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |
| [\\}](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/-7d-) | symbol | } U+007D right curly bracket | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |
| [\\gt](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/gt) | symbol | > U+003E greater-than sign | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |
| [\\left](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/left) | command | Used with \right to open automatically sized fences around a mathematical expression, including cases with an invisible delimiter such as \left. | base | full | full | full | — |
| [\\lmoustache](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lmoustache) | symbol | ⎰ U+23B0 upper left or lower right curly bracket section | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |
| [\\lt](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/lt) | symbol | < U+003C less-than sign | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |
| [\\mathclose](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathclose) | command | Used to assign the close delimiter math class, like a right parenthesis. | base | full | full | full | — |
| [\\mathopen](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/mathopen) | command | Used to assign the open delimiter math class, like a left parenthesis. | base | full | full | full | — |
| [\\right](https://texform.dev/latex/commands/right) | command | Used to close automatically sized fences opened by \left around a mathematical expression. | base | full | full | full | — |
| [\\rmoustache](https://texform.dev/latex/symbols/rmoustache) | symbol | ⎱ U+23B1 upper right or lower left curly bracket section | base | not tested | not tested | not tested | — |