Physics: bra-ket\expval

\expvalCommand

Used in quantum mechanics to denote expectation values of operators

\expval{A}
Available in
physics
Kind
prefix
Allowed mode
math
Frequency
Not measured
Commonality
medium
Renderer support
PackageMathJaxKaTeXXeTeX
physicsMathJax: FullKaTeX: NoneXeTeX: Full
About the test scope

Syntax#

\expvals*stars*starm{a}math contentg{b}optional math content

Argspec s s m g — three optional and one mandatory argument. Reading argspecs

Examples#

\expval*{A}
\expval**{A}
\expval{A}{B}
\expval**{A}{B}

In TeXForm#

TeXForm parses this entry as prefix syntax; the package determines its argument specification.

Expands to#

\expval{#1}{#2} \left\langle{#2}\right\vert{#1}\left\vert{#2}\right\rangle

Depends on star modifiers: no stars adds \left/\right, one star uses none, two stars uses \middle too. If no second argument, it's just \langle{#1}\rangle.

Equivalent forms#

  • \expectationvalue{A}exact

    Long form of \expval

  • \ev{A}exact

    Alternative short alias

See also#

Test cases#

physics
InputCaseMathJaxKaTeXXeTeX
\expval{a}Positive · baselinePassFailPass
\expval*{a}Positive · vary:s[0]PassFailPass
\expval{a}{b}Positive · vary:g[3]PassFailPass
\expval**{a}{b}Positive · maximalPassFailPass
\expval aPositive · bare[2]PassFailPass
All 22 in Physics: bra-ket